• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    Bench to simultaneously test two wind turbine specimens, which includes two columns (9), which respectively incorporate, facing and axially aligned, a motor (7) and a generator (8) in which the axes are connected by means of a coupling (10) of discharge of the multipliers of two specimens (1), that support in two floating platforms (2), connected to each other and supported to a support base (3) by means of hydraulic actuators (4). The shafts of low the two specimens (1) to be tested are connected through an adapter (5), which in turn is connected by means of a bearing (6) to a fixed support structure (12), which reacts against the vertical and horizontal forces that occur, simulating the introduction of wind loads on the specimens (1), in order to also study their reaction against the torque in the power train. (Machine-translation by Google Translate, not legally binding)
    公开号:ES2726810A1
    申请号:ES201830350
    申请日:2018-04-09
    公开日:2019-10-09
    发明作者:Arechabala Armando Bilbao；Erezuma José Luis Ruiz；Garcia Alberto Fernandez
    申请人:Idom S A U；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    [0001]
    [0002] Bench to simultaneously test two wind turbine specimens.
    [0003]
    [0004] Object of the invention
    [0005]
    [0006] Wind turbines are one of the most important and safest sources of alternative energy from an environmental point of view, thanks to the fact that today they are machines of proven reliability and efficiency.
    [0007]
    [0008] A wind turbine includes a rotor that has multiple blades, this rotor is mounted on a gondola, which in turn is placed on top of a tower. Within this gondola is, among others, the power train that is composed of the low speed shaft, which is driven by the rotor, the main support of said shaft, the speed multiplier that increases the low speed of the rotor of The turbine, transmitting the mechanical power generated therein to an electric generator, is also included in said gondola, which generates electricity in suitable conditions.
    [0009]
    [0010] Wind turbines are often deployed in remote locations, such as hills or offshore, so access to these equipment for repair is usually very expensive, so to mitigate the risk of failure, these equipment are usually Test rigorously before installation, particularly the frame, the power train, bearings and the multiplier, not only in a test bench where the power train is rotated, but it is also advisable to do it under wind loads, that could simulate the real environmental conditions to which it will be subjected. Wind turbines are machines designed to operate for 20 years in the face of adverse weather conditions that generate dynamic events in the system causing fatigue and wear in its main mechanical components, such as multipliers, bearings and mechanically welded structures.
    [0011]
    [0012] The invention is a wind turbine test bench that allows the validation of the power train, including low shaft, bearings and multiplier, and frame, against static and dynamic loads simulating wind loads and power transmission.
    [0013]
    [0014] The invention is a test bench for specimens (frame, power train, bearings and multiplier) subjected to multiple and continuous dynamic loads and with movement relative to the specimen, in such a way as to facilitate the execution of the trials simulating the reality of the service life of the specimen to be tested in a single test bench. In addition, this test bench is designed to simultaneously test two wind turbine specimens.
    [0015]
    [0016] Background of the invention
    [0017]
    [0018] There are currently many test benches for various wind turbine components. In some of them two specimens are mounted to perform on them some type of test simultaneously. For example, document GB2501510 describes a test platform of two multipliers, which includes a first coupler for the two low-speed axes of said multipliers and a second coupler that includes a hydraulic motor, through which the axes are coupled of high speed of both multipliers, regulating with this second coupler the torque that is applied to the high speed axles.
    [0019]
    [0020] Document CN201562042 refers to a complete power test device of a wind turbine in the laboratory, carried out by means of the power feedback method between two machines, arranged in a back-to-back type assembly, in which a wind turbine of Drag drives another test wind turbine through the main shaft and a coupler that provides the required torque for the test wind turbine. In a back-to-back arrangement, a generator functions as a drive motor and the other as a generator and the two are mechanically coupled through a shaft and the power produced by the generator is returned to the supply of the drive motor; so that the only power required is the power to compensate for losses during the test process.
    [0021]
    [0022] Test benches are also known in which kinematic tests are simulated, with the simulation of wind conditions, by introducing relative movements between the components, to also study their reaction in the power train; however, there are no known references that both tests have combined both tests on two specimens at the same time.
    [0023] Description of the invention
    [0024] The invention provides a test bed in which to analyze the dynamics of two specimens by simulating the relative movement of components and at the same time wind loads are introduced on said specimens, thereby reducing the number of tests and improving their reliability, while combining both tests and also in two specimens at the same time.
    [0025]
    [0026] In order to achieve the proposed objectives and avoid the inconveniences mentioned in the previous section, the invention proposes a device with the characteristics of claim 1.
    [0027]
    [0028] This test bench allows two wind turbine specimens to be tested, including frame, power train, bearings, and multiplier, simultaneously and under wind loads. For this, the specimens are mounted on two floating platforms, connected to a mechano-welded or concrete support, by means of hydraulic actuators, which are arranged as parallel mechanisms that allow wind loads to be introduced on the specimens and counteract the torque in the train of power.
    [0029]
    [0030] The specimens are connected to each other through the shafts of low, by means of an adapter, which in turn is connected through a bearing to a support structure that reacts to the vertical and horizontal forces that simulate the wind load.
    [0031]
    [0032] The loads introduced by the hydraulic actuators of both platforms are identical and therefore the system is in static equilibrium. Therefore, in some cases, the hydraulic actuators can be replaced by struts in which the opposite reaction to the force generated by the hydraulic actuator located in a symmetrical position is simply generated.
    [0033]
    [0034] In this assembly the power train of both specimens rotates in the opposite direction, since they are connected by the same axis. The torque in the power train of the specimen is introduced by a motor and a generator, connected to the high output shaft of the respective multipliers, by means of a coupling that absorbs the deformations introduced by the hydraulic actuators. The motor-generator configuration allows the system to be electrically closed so that the torque to be supplied is simply that corresponding to the losses in the power transmission. The hydraulic cylinders exert force on the specimen and the support of the platforms when lengthening or shorten, so that the support is the one who closes and supports the loads and only transmits the own weight to the ground that supports the whole set.
    [0035]
    [0036] The system has two main advantages over other test banks already developed. The bank allows two specimens to be tested simultaneously against identical loads and avoids using a high torque transmission coupling and large displacement compatibility to transmit power from the drive to the wind turbine's power train.
    [0037]
    [0038] Description of the figures
    [0039]
    [0040] To complement the description that is being made and in order to facilitate the understanding of the characteristics of the invention, a set of drawings is attached to the present specification in which, for illustrative and non-limiting purposes, the following has been represented:
    [0041]
    [0042] Figure 1 shows a general perspective view of a test bench made according to the invention.
    [0043]
    [0044] Figures 2, 3 and 4 correspond respectively to elevation, plan and section views according to a vertical, longitudinal plane of the previous test bench.
    [0045]
    [0046] Preferred Embodiment of the Invention
    [0047]
    [0048] As can be seen in the referenced figures, the bench to simultaneously test two wind turbine specimens, which include: frame, power train, bearings, and multiplier, comprises the following essential parts:
    [0049]
    [0050] - First of all two columns (9), which are mounted facing each other and at the same height, in which they are mounted respectively, a motor (7) and a generator (8), facing and aligned axially, on whose axes they are connected by means of two couplings (10) the high output axes of the multiplier of two specimens (1) to be tested, whose power trains thus rotate in opposite directions. It is possible to dispense with the columns and directly mount the motor and generator on a short support attached to the ground if a pit is made inside which the cylinders and the supports that operate the floating platforms are installed (2). The upper surface of the platforms Floats would be installed level with the floor of the ship and a series of walkways would allow easy access to specimens.
    [0051]
    [0052] - The two specimens to be tested are mounted on two floating platforms (2), which are connected to each other by means of hydraulic actuators (4) arranged horizontally; likewise these platforms are supported by a support base (3), interposing between each of said floating platforms (2) and said support base (3) of several hydraulic actuators (4), so that all these actuators react against the vertical and horizontal forces that occur, simulating introducing wind loads on the specimens (1), and reacting against the power train torque.
    [0053]
    [0054] - A support base (3), metal or concrete, which is capable of supporting the weight of the floating platforms (2), of the specimens (1) and the tensions introduced by the hydraulic actuators (4) on it. Said base (3) is elongated in order to support both the floating platforms (2), as well as the two specimens (1) to be tested and presents on the sides the mentioned columns (9), aligned with it and with said specimens .
    [0055]
    [0056] - As we have already indicated, a plurality of hydraulic actuators (4) are also necessary, which stand vertically between the floating platforms (2) and the support base (3) and also horizontally between both floating platforms (2). These actuators introduce loads on both floating platforms (2), which are transferred to an adapter (5) in which the low axes of the two specimens (1) to be tested are coupled.
    [0057]
    [0058] - The aforementioned adapter (5), in which the two specimens (1) to be tested are connected through the shafts, facing each other, is connected through a bearing (6) to a fixed support structure (12 ) that reacts to the vertical and horizontal forces that simulate the wind load, introduced through the floating platforms (2) in the specimens (1).
    [0059]
    [0060] According to an important feature of the invention, the charges that are introduced through the hydraulic actuators (4) on both floating platforms (2) are identical, so that the system is in static equilibrium.
    [0061] In an alternative embodiment, the hydraulic actuators (4) are replaced at the ends by struts (11) in which the opposite reaction to the force generated by the hydraulic actuator (4) located in a symmetrical position is generated.
    [0062]
    [0063] According to another characteristic of the invention, the motor (7) and the generator (8) which are connected to the high output shaft of the multipliers of both specimens (1), by means of two couplings (10), are electrically connected to each other, by what the torque to be supplied for the operation of this test bench is simply that corresponding to the losses in the power transmission.
    [0064]
    [0065] Once the nature of the invention has been sufficiently described, as well as a preferred embodiment, it is stated for the appropriate purposes that the materials, shape, size and arrangement of the described elements may be modified, provided that this does not imply an alteration. of the essential features of the invention claimed below:
    权利要求:
    Claims (4)
    [1]
    1. - Bench to simultaneously test two wind turbine specimens, which include: frame, power train, bearings and multiplier, comprising:
    - two columns (9) or supports at ground level, in which respectively a motor (7) and a generator (8) are mounted, facing and aligned axially, whose axes are connected by means of two couplings (10) with the axes of discharge of the multipliers of the two specimens (1) to be tested, whose power trains rotate in the opposite direction;
    - floating platforms (2) on which the respective specimens (1) are mounted, which are connected to each other through their low axes, which are supported to a support base (3) by hydraulic actuators (4), which reacts to the vertical and horizontal forces that occur, simulating the introduction of wind loads on the specimens (1), in order to also study their reaction against the torque in the power train;
    - a support base (3), metal or concrete, capable of supporting the weight of the floating platforms (2), of the specimens (1) and the tensions introduced by the hydraulic actuators (4) on it closing the loads produced by the system; - a plurality of hydraulic actuators (4) interposed vertically between the floating platforms (2) and the support base (3) and horizontally between both floating platforms (2); Y
    - an adapter (5) in which the two specimens (1) to be tested are connected through the shafts, said adapter (5) being connected through a bearing (6) to a fixed support structure (12) which reacts to the vertical and horizontal forces that simulate the wind load, introduced through the floating platforms (2) in the specimens (1);
    [2]
    2. - Bank, according to claim 1, characterized in that the charges that are introduced through the hydraulic actuators (4) on both floating platforms (2) are identical, so that the system is in static equilibrium.
    [3]
    3. - Bench, according to claim 1, characterized in that the hydraulic actuators (4) are replaced at the ends by struts (11) in which the opposite reaction to the force generated by the hydraulic actuator (4) located in a symmetrical position
    [4]
    4. Bank, according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that the motor (7) and the generator (8) that are connected to the high output shaft of the multipliers of both specimens (1), by means of two couplings (10 ), are electrically connected to each other.
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    同族专利:
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    ES2726810B2|2021-08-05|
    引用文献:
    公开号 | 申请日 | 公开日 | 申请人 | 专利标题
    CN202305209U|2011-10-14|2012-07-04|广东明阳风电产业集团有限公司|Wind generating set gear case testing stand|
    WO2013060475A1|2011-10-27|2013-05-02|Robert Bosch Gmbh|Transmission test bench and method for operating a transmission test bench|
    CN203490072U|2013-09-06|2014-03-19|株洲高精传动技术有限公司|Gearbox testing device of wind generating set|CN111256987A|2020-03-02|2020-06-09|南开大学|Torque calibration mechanism for harmonic reducer|
    法律状态:
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    优先权:
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